echo
and printf
for Outputread
if
, else
, elif
)test
, [ ]
)&&
, ||
)for
Loops and Iterating Over Listswhile
and until
Loopsbreak
and continue
$1
, $2
, etc.)getopts
for Command-Line Option Parsingfind
and grep
for File Searchingawk
for Data Extraction and Reportingsed
for Stream Editing and Text Substitutionsort
, cut
, uniq
)ps
, kill
, bg
, and fg
trap
to Handle Signals and Cleanupcron
Jobsat
Jobs for One-Time Task Execution$?
)trap
for Error Handlingset -x
and set -e
curl
and wget
to Download Files from the Internetssh
and scp