External Financial Reporting Decisions (15%)Financial statements and recognition, measurement, and disclosure. Revenue recognition, inventory valuation, long-term assets, and liabilities. Cash flow statement preparation and analysis.
Strategic planning and budgeting processes. Annual profit planning, forecasting techniques. Rolling budgets, flexible budgeting, and variance analysis. Scenario planning and cost behavior analysis.
Standard costing, variance analysis. KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) and balanced scorecards. Responsibility centers and transfer pricing. Performance measures for evaluating profitability and investment centers.
Cost classification, absorption, and variable costing. Job-order costing, process costing, and activity-based costing. Overhead allocation methods. Supply chain management and lean accounting.
Corporate governance and risk management frameworks. Internal audit, control frameworks (COSO). Sarbanes-Oxley Act compliance and risk mitigation. Fraud prevention, detection, and risk management.
Data governance, information systems, and business analytics. Financial data analysis, artificial intelligence in accounting. Data visualization and reporting.
Planning, Budgeting, and Forecasting (20%)
Performance Management (20%)
Cost Management (15%)
Internal Controls (15%)
Technology and Analytics (15%)
Financial Statement Analysis (20%)Ratio analysis: profitability, liquidity, leverage, and efficiency. Analysis of financial statements for decision-making. Market value vs. book value and earnings per share analysis. DuPont analysis, horizontal, vertical, and trend analysis.
Risk and return principles, cost of capital, and capital structure. Dividend policy and retained earnings analysis. Working capital management and cash flow analysis. Short-term and long-term financing options, leasing, and factoring.
Marginal analysis, make-or-buy decisions, pricing strategies. Cost-volume-profit analysis. Cost-benefit analysis and decision-making under uncertainty. Contribution margin and breakeven analysis.
Types of risk: operational, financial, and market risks. Hedging techniques for managing risk (futures, options). Enterprise risk management (ERM) and mitigation strategies.
Capital budgeting techniques: NPV, IRR, payback, and discounted payback. Project analysis and investment appraisal. Risk analysis in investment decisions. Post-audit review of capital investments.
Ethical standards for management accountants. IMA’s Statement of Ethical Professional Practice. Ethical considerations in financial decision-making. Conflict of interest, insider trading, and corporate governance issues.
Corporate Finance (20%)
Decision Analysis (25%)
Risk Management (10%)
Investment Decisions (10%)
Professional Ethics (15%)
